---
type: "topic"
created: "2024-01-06T01:25:36.138Z"
updated: "2024-04-11T04:33:41.638Z"
---

# Linux Pi Hole

[Ubuntu](ubuntu.md)

- [ ] Static IP
- [ ] SSL Certificates
- [ ] Nginx
- [ ] ufw

```bash
# https://canyoublockit.com/
curl -sSL https://install.pi-hole.net | bash
192.168.0.73
pihole -a -p 4hink
apt install unbound
# https://docs.pi-hole.net/guides/dns/unbound/
nano /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/pi-hole.conf
```

```conf
server:
    # If no logfile is specified, syslog is used
    # logfile: "/var/log/unbound/unbound.log"
    verbosity: 0

    interface: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5335
    do-ip4: yes
    do-udp: yes
    do-tcp: yes

    # May be set to yes if you have IPv6 connectivity
    do-ip6: no

    # You want to leave this to no unless you have *native* IPv6. With 6to4 and
    # Terredo tunnels your web browser should favor IPv4 for the same reasons
    prefer-ip6: no

    # Use this only when you downloaded the list of primary root servers!
    # If you use the default dns-root-data package, unbound will find it automatically
    #root-hints: "/var/lib/unbound/root.hints"

    # Trust glue only if it is within the server's authority
    harden-glue: yes

    # Require DNSSEC data for trust-anchored zones, if such data is absent, the zone becomes BOGUS
    harden-dnssec-stripped: yes

    # Don't use Capitalization randomization as it known to cause DNSSEC issues sometimes
    # see https://discourse.pi-hole.net/t/unbound-stubby-or-dnscrypt-proxy/9378 for further details
    use-caps-for-id: no

    # Reduce EDNS reassembly buffer size.
    # IP fragmentation is unreliable on the Internet today, and can cause
    # transmission failures when large DNS messages are sent via UDP. Even
    # when fragmentation does work, it may not be secure; it is theoretically
    # possible to spoof parts of a fragmented DNS message, without easy
    # detection at the receiving end. Recently, there was an excellent study
    # >>> Defragmenting DNS - Determining the optimal maximum UDP response size for DNS <<<
    # by Axel Koolhaas, and Tjeerd Slokker (https://indico.dns-oarc.net/event/36/contributions/776/)
    # in collaboration with NLnet Labs explored DNS using real world data from the
    # the RIPE Atlas probes and the researchers suggested different values for
    # IPv4 and IPv6 and in different scenarios. They advise that servers should
    # be configured to limit DNS messages sent over UDP to a size that will not
    # trigger fragmentation on typical network links. DNS servers can switch
    # from UDP to TCP when a DNS response is too big to fit in this limited
    # buffer size. This value has also been suggested in DNS Flag Day 2020.
    edns-buffer-size: 1232

    # Perform prefetching of close to expired message cache entries
    # This only applies to domains that have been frequently queried
    prefetch: yes

    # One thread should be sufficient, can be increased on beefy machines. In reality for most users running on small networks or on a single machine, it should be unnecessary to seek performance enhancement by increasing num-threads above 1.
    num-threads: 1

    # Ensure kernel buffer is large enough to not lose messages in traffic spikes
    so-rcvbuf: 1m

    # Ensure privacy of local IP ranges
    private-address: 192.168.0.0/16
    private-address: 169.254.0.0/16
    private-address: 172.16.0.0/12
    private-address: 10.0.0.0/8
    private-address: fd00::/8
    private-address: fe80::/10
```

```bash
service unbound restart
# Disable Forwarding DNS in PiHole
# Set Custom DNS in PiHole - 127.0.0.1#5335

# And you're done! Bonus points for sending all DNS traffic through a VPN Gateway to encrypt all outbound requests - https://youtu.be/xFficDCEv3c

pihole -up
```

```bash
nano /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
```

```conf
...
server.port = 8005
...
```

```bash
service lighttpd restart
```

```bash
# https://www.kali.org/docs/installation/network-pxe/
# https://discourse.pi-hole.net/t/setting-up-a-pxe-boot-server-with-docker-compose-and-boot-kali-linux-or-other-oss/50218
cd /etc/dnsmasq.d/
touch /etc/dnsmasq.d/99-pxeboot.conf && nano /etc/dnsmasq.d/99-pxeboot.conf
```

```conf kali
dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0
enable-tftp
tftp-root=/tftpboot/
pxe-prompt="Press F8 for menu.", 60
pxe-service=x86PC,"Boot from local disk",0
pxe-service=x86PC,"Boot Kali Linux",kali/pxelinux
```

```conf Ignore
dhcp-option=66,"192.168.0.2"
dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0,,192.168.0.2
```

```bash
mkdir /tftpboot
mkdir /tftpboot/kali
cd /tftpboot/kali
wget http://http.kali.org/kali/dists/kali-rolling/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz
tar -zxpf netboot.tar.gz
rm netboot.tar.gz
```

```bash
pihole restartdns
pihole status
```

```bash
pihole-FTL dhcp-discover
apt-get install nmap
nmap -n -sU -p67 --script broadcast-dhcp-discover
```

```bash
# https://fuzzthepiguy.tech/adtest/
nano /etc/dnsmasq.d/04-pihole-static-dhcp.conf
service unbound-resolvconf status
```

```bash
# https://serverfault.com/questions/1069459/configuration-on-nginx-for-nextcloud-and-pi-hole
links https://phares3757.ddns.net/dhcp.leases
```